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JOURNAL OF DIALECTICS OF NATURE
A Comprehensive, Academic Journal of the Philosophy, History, Sociology and Cultural Studies of Science and Technology
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Home
Browse
Published ahead of Print
Latest Issue
More Content
Purchase
Submit
Sign up/in
Author Guidelines
About Us
About the Journal
Editorial Board
Conference
Latest Articles
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The Paradigm of Ethical Governance of Artificial Intelligence: From Value Alignment to Value Symbiosis
Abstract: At present, domestic research on quantum cognition is relatively weak. Systematic review of international quantum cognition research is necessary to inspire domestic scholars. In this paper, 1,482 English quantum cognition literatures published from 2003 to 2022 are taken as samples. From the dimensions of scale, distribution and trend, the characteristics of international quantum cognition research in the number of publications, regional cooperation, topic distribution and hot topics evolution are described. On this basis, the future development trend of quantum cognition research is further analyzed and discussed. The number of quantum cognition research papers presents a continuous increasing trend; Psychology is one of the main fields of quantum cognition research. The hot topics in quantum cognition research include the potential of quantum theory to build cognitive models, the use of quantum mechanics to explore the working mechanism of consciousness in human brain, the use of quantum theory to explain the cognitive phenomenon of probabilistic misjudgment, etc. Key Words: Quantum cognition; Quantum mechanics; Cognitive science; Knowledge graph
Author:
XIA Yonghong
Issue:Volume 47, lssue 1, January 2025
Page: 1-8
The Ethical Washing in AI and Its Governance
Abstract: The widespread existence of the ethical washing in AI has attracted the attention of the academy and the public. Conceptually, ethical washing as an action is characterized by two elements: hypocrisy in motivation and falsity in outcome. In terms of its causes, the formation of ethical washing is determined by a combination of motivational factors (the pursuit of interests of producers and the safety-rights needs of consumers and managers) and external factors (the effectiveness of AI ethics, the impact of AI on ethics, information gap and difficulties of governance). Ethical washing has caused negative ethical effects on both the practical and psychological levels. In this regard, its governance should be carried out from both internal (moral psychology) and external (realistic system). Key Words: AI ethics; Ethical washing; Ethical governance
Author:
YANG Jin
DU Yanyong
Issue:Volume 47, lssue 1, January 2025
Page: 9-17
Analysis on Measurement of Value Sensitivity with Artificial Intelligence Among Public
Abstract: “Value sensitivity” originates from Batya Friedman’s concept of “Value-Sensitive Design”, referring to the ability to perceive ethically relevant values during the design, development, production, and use of technology. The research team innovatively applied the “tripartite methodology” and used the Multiple Indicators and Multiple Causes (MIMIC) structural equation model to measure public value sensitivity toward artificial intelligence (AI) and assess whether the current technologies support value-sensitive design goals. The study found that: (1) Public sensitivity to AI values is ranked as transparency, algorithmic fairness, job security, and responsibility attribution, indicating that these values should be prioritized in the design stage; (2) Information security and ecological imbalance received less attention; (3) Gender and profession showed no significant impact on value sensitivity, but age and education level did show significant differences. Key Words: Artificial intelligence; Value sensitivity; MIMIC; Ethical governance
Author:
ZHANG Xueyi
ZHOU Zhou
ZHENG Yuhan
Issue:Volume 47, lssue 1, January 2025
Page: 18-27
The Philosophy of Science in CMU and Pearl’s Theory of Causality: The Influences of Philosophy of Science on Artificial Intelligence
Abstract: The value of philosophy of science to science has always been controversial. This paper discussed the influences of philosophy of science on artificial intelligence by studying the contribution of the philosophy of science in CMU to Judy Pearl’s theory of causality, which is one of the most important theories in artificial intelligence. The philosophy of science in CMU proposed a research result that represents “intervention” as a change in the graph structure, which plays a very critical role in Pearl’s establishment of his theory of causality. Therefore, it can be seen that philosophy of science has an important impact on artificial intelligence. We also tried to analyze why the research results of philosophy of science in CMU contributed to Pearl’s construction of his theory, and why philosophy of science can influence artificial intelligence. Key Words: Judea Pearl; Theory of causality; Bayesian networks; Causal nodels; Intervention
Author:
DONG Huanfang
Issue:Volume 47, lssue 1, January 2025
Page: 28-35
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How Could AI Develop Its Self-consciousness?
Abstract: The danger of AI will come from its self-consciousness rather than its capacity. AI would be a challenge to mankind if it develops a capacity for reflection on the system of its own, so that it would know how to remake its system with new rules, especially when it could invent its own language for all purposes, equal in capacity to human natural language, it could do anything it would. And AI would be most dangerous if it would be able to learn human desires, emotions and values, because all hostilities are based upon human desires and values.
From A Man-Machine Relationship to Inter Human Relations: Definition and Strategy of Artificial Intelligence
Abstract: In order to distinguish the intelligent machine as a tool from the robot as a subject, the definition of human must change from essentialism to functionalism. So far, artificial intelligence has gone through three stages of development: formalization, empiricization and rationalization, but it is still not in the structure, but in the function of simulating human thinking. Only a functionalist definition of human beings can be compatible with the future of new species and new humans-"uncontrolled" robots. If "uncontrolled" robots emerge, the relationship between natural person and robot will develop from human-machine relationship to inter-human relationship. This relationship is neither the relationship between man and machine, nor the relationship between man and animal, nor the relationship between natural people. Natural people should not adopt the previous strategy to treat robots. Human supremacism is not self-evident. Natural man's self-re-evolution, man-machine parallel and man-machine fusion are feasible schemes for natural man to avoid being overtaken, replaced and eliminated by robots.
Non-Reductive Explanation in Biology: Context Arguments
Abstract: Biological practice over the last several decades has shown that in many cases we cannot properly explain a higher-level phenomenon of interest only in terms of phenomena or mechanisms provided by lowerlevel explanations; to properly explain the higher-level phenomenon, information provided by the higher-level is also indispensable. One typical case is the context dependence of biological phenomena, namely, the occurrence of a higher-level phenomenon depends on its relevant environmental factors (e.g. cellular environments) which cannot simply be reduced to the lower-level (e.g. molecules) . On the other hand, the occurrence of the higher-level phenomenon can sometimes be independent of its lower-level underpinnings, since a change to the lower-level underpinnings does not necessarily result in corresponding changes in the higher-level. Facts based on these two sides constitute a ground for rejecting explanatory reductionism. This essay, by reference to examples drawn from biological practice, will discuss how contextual facts pose a challenge to explanatory reductionism.
Dr. Edward Hume: The Intermediary Who Promoted the Rockefeller Foundation’s Initial Public Health Practice in China
Abstract: The Rockefeller Foundation intended to carry out hookworm disease treatment and prevention campaigns in many countries around the world at its initiation. Dr. Edward Hume, as the founder of the Yali Hospital and the Hsiang-ya Medical College in Hunan, tried to seek financial support from the Rockefeller Foundation in order to fulfill his plan in public health education in China. He used his connections and influence in Hunan to help the Rockefeller Foundation introduce the hookworm disease treatment and prevention project into China. In this transnational undertaking, Dr. Hume essentially played the role of an intermediary, who considerably promoted the Rockefeller Foundation’s earliest public health practice in China.
Kinnosuke Ogura: A Pioneer in The Study of Social History of Mathematics
Abstract: Kinnosuke Ogura was a renowned mathematical historian and educator in modern Japan. He has made outstanding contribution to the study of mathematics education and the history of mathematics. In the filed of mathematical history, he began to study the social problems of mathematics in the late 1920s. He believed that the sociality of mathematics must be concretized in the study of mathematical history, and investigated the relationship between the ideology, the economic foundation and the development of mathematics. He was a pioneer in the social history of mathematics. Key Words: Kinnosuke Ogura; Mathematical history; Sociality
News & Events
Video Playback of the Ninth Session of New Perspectives on the History of British Science from the 17th to the 19th Centuries
On May 8, at 9 p.m. Beijing time, the ninth session of New Perspectives on the History of British Science from the 17th to the 19th Centuries was held online as scheduled.
Video Playback of the Eighth Session of New Perspectives on the History of British Science from the 17th to the 19th Centuries
On April 10, at 9 a.m. Beijing time, the eighth session of New Perspectives on the History of British Science from the 17th to the 19th Centuries was held online as scheduled.
Seminar 8. Empire and Gender(New Perspectives on the History of British Science from the 17th to the 19th Centuries )
Welcome to join the Seminar Seminar 8. Empire and Gender of New Perspectives on the History of British Science from the 17th to the 19th Centuries .
Video Playback of the Seventh Session of New Perspectives on the History of British Science from the 17th to the 19th Centuries
On March 13, at 6 p.m. Beijing time, the seventh session of New Perspectives on the History of British Science from the 17th to the 19th Centuries was held online as scheduled.
Seminar 7. Optics and Astronomy(New Perspectives on the History of British Science from the 17th to the 19th Centuries )
Welcome to join the Seminar Seminar 7. Optics and Astronomy of New Perspectives on the History of British Science from the 17th to the 19th Centuries .
Video Playback of the Sixth Session of New Perspectives on the History of British Science from the 17th to the 19th Centuries
On February 13, at 9 p.m. Beijing time, the sixth session of New Perspectives on the History of British Science from the 17th to the 19th Centuries was held online as scheduled.
Seminar 6. Imperial Economies and the Exchange of Natural Knowledge in the 17th and 18th Centuries(New Perspectives on the History of British Science from the 17th to the 19th Centuries )
Welcome to join the Seminar 6. Imperial Economies and the Exchange of Natural Knowledge of New Perspectives on the History of British Science from the 17th to the 19th Centuries .
Video Playback of the Fifth Session of New Perspectives on the History of British Science from the 17th to the 19th Centuries
On January 9, at 9 a.m. Beijing time, the fifth session of New Perspectives on the History of British Science from the 17th to the 19th Centuries was held online as scheduled. The theme is The Chemical Revolution and Climate Change. The first speaker is Jan Golinski, whose speech title is : Climate Change and Society in Britain, 1790-1820. The next speaker is TONG Yichen, whose report title named Between Atomism, Elementalism, and Empiricism: The Chemical Studies of Étienne-François Geoffrey. The meeting was hosted by Professor Bernard Lightman.
Seminar 5. The Chemical Revolution and Climate Change(New Perspectives on the History of British Science from the 17th to the 19th Centuries )
Welcome to join the Seminar 5. The Chemical Revolution and Climate Change(New Perspectives on the History of British Science from the 17th to the 19th Centuries ).
Video Playbacks of the Four Session of New Perspectives on the History of British Science from the 17th to the 19th Centuries
On December 12, at 12 noon Beijing time, the four session of New Perspectives on the History of British Science from the 17th to the 19th Centuries was held online as scheduled.
Seminar 4. Gardens as Scientific Sites in the Early Modern Period(New Perspectives on the History of British Science from the 17th to the 19th Centuries )
Welcome to join the Seminar 4. Gardens as Scientific Sites in the Early Modern Period(New Perspectives on the History of British Science from the 17th to the 19th Centuries ).
Video Playback of the Third Session of New Perspectives on the History of British Science from the 17th to the 19th Centuries
On November 14, at 10 p.m. Beijing time, the third session of New Perspectives on the History of British Science from the 17th to the 19th Centuries was held online as scheduled.
Seminar 3. Darwin and the Big Picture(New Perspectives on the History of British Science from the 17th to the 19th Centuries )
Welcome to join the Seminar 2. Imagination and Innovation in Natural Philosophy of New Perspectives on the History of British Science from the 17th to the 19th Centuries.
Video Playback of the Second Session of New Perspectives on the History of British Science from the 17th to the 19th Centuries
Welcome to join the Seminar 2. Imagination and Innovation in Natural Philosophy of New Perspectives on the History of British Science from the 17th to the 19th Centuries .
Seminar 2. Imagination and Innovation in Natural Philosophy (New Perspectives on the History of British Science from the 17th to the 19th Centuries )
Welcome to join the Seminar 2. Imagination and Innovation in Natural Philosophy of New Perspectives on the History of British Science from the 17th to the 19th Centuries .
Video Playback of the first session of New Perspectives on the History of British Science from the 17th to the 19th Centuries
On September 19, at 9 a.m. Beijing time, the first session of New Perspectives on the History of British Science from the 17th to the 19th Centuries was held online as scheduled. The theme of the first session is Issues in Nineteenth Century Astronomy. The first speaker is Huang Hsiang-Fu, whose speech title is Visual Technology and Religious Sentiment in Nineteenth-Century Popular Astronomy Lecturing. The next speaker is Robert Smith, whose report named The Retellings of the Discovery of Neptune. The seminar is hosted by Professor Bernard Lightman. The following is the video playback of the seminar.
Seminar 1. Issues in Nineteenth Century Astronomy (New Perspectives on the History of British Science from the 17th to the 19th Centuries )
Welcome to join the Seminar 1. Issues in Nineteenth Century Astronomy of New Perspectives on the History of British Science from the 17th to the 19th Centuries
New Perspectives on the History of British Science from the 17th to the 19th Centuries AGENDA
Robert S. Cohen Commemoration Symposium Held
Starting from the “Springtime for Science”—An Academic Symposium in Celebration of the 40th Anniversary of the Launch of the Journal of Dialectics of Nature and the 40th Anniversary of the Founding of the University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences
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