JOURNAL OF DIALECTICS OF NATURE
A Comprehensive, Academic Journal of the Philosophy, History, Sociology and Cultural Studies of Science and Technology
Latest Issue
Vomule 47, Issue 2
February , 2025
-
Whether Human Treatment-Enhancement Distinction Holds: An Analysis from the Perspective of Legal Philosophy Abstract: One of the assumptions often included in many ethical and legal discussions about human enhancement is that enhancement is a concept that can be distinguished from treatment and this concept presents unique ethical and legal challenges. However, some other scholars believe that whether the dichotomy between enhancement and treatment can be established needs reflection. They not only question whether this distinction is feasible from the fuzziness and relativity of the standard, but also question the rationality of this distinction based on the continuum of the practical reasons for pursuing treatment and enhancement. With the help of the conceptual tools and theoretical methods of law philosophy, we examined the various doubts raised about the dichotomy of enhancement and treatment one by one and found that: on the one hand, the Normal Function Model provides a feasible criterion for distinction of treatment and enhancement; and on the other hand, the application of Rawls’ principle of “fair equality of opportunity” in the field of public health also suggests that this dichotomy is of moral and legal importance. Key Words: Treatment; Human enhancement; Continuum; Fair equality of opportunitypage: 1-9Technological Governance and Moral Governance Abstract: Technological governance and moral governance are two important models of current social governance. The former advocates the use of scientific methods and technological means to run and govern society, while the latter emphasizes the important role of morality in social operation and governance. As there are many differences in the methods, logic, objectives, characteristics and other aspects of governance, technological governance and moral governance can complement each other in functions. On the one hand, the ethical risks in the operation of technological governance can be dealt with through moral adjustment, such as conducting ethical reviews of algorithmic governance to avoid ethical risks in its operation. On the other hand, scientific methods and technological means can be used to improve the operational efficiency of moral governance, the ideas of moralizing technology and moral enhancement are more representative examples. Key Words: Technological governance; Moral governance; Functional complementation; Moral adjustment; Technological assistancepage: 36-43Exploring the Mohist Theoretical System of Experimental Science: The Method of Deviator Removal Abstract: What kind of experimental theory and methods were used by Mohists to promote their own scientific research has always been a problem concerned in Mohism research but has not been fully discussed. The Mohist experimental science theoretical system of deviator removing can be restored by re-discriminating Mohist scriptures. This system includes the theory of system composition, the theory of functional evaluation, the method of judging the root cause of things, the theory of experimental check, the method of single-step controlled experiment, the knowledge base of deviator, the method of classification research and the method of experimental record management, etc., forming a fairly complete theoretical system of experimental science. Key Words: Mohist; Experiment; Experimental sciencepage: 67-75Constructing Death: The Shaping of Death Facts in Organ Donation After Brain Death Abstract: The constructivity of death has attracted increasing attention since the proposition of brain death, and the close combination of brain death and organ donation has created new possibilities for the reconstruction of death. Through an ethnographic study at two hospitals in Beijing and Guangzhou, this article explores how heterogeneous actors in organ donation after brain death observe, understand, and shape the death facts of potential donors, and discusses how the interactions between technology and society play a role in reconstructing death and what problems arise from them. The study illustrates that the deep involvement of technology and the absence of legislation for brain death bring about complex shaping of death facts in organ donation, through which the concept of death gets reconstructed and presents operable and negotiable characteristics, and that the bundling of brain death and organ donation also makes the clinical application of brain death instrumentalized. The study thus argues accelerating the legislation of brain death and unifying the concepts of legal and clinical death can be effective ways to avoid excessive instrumentalization of brain death. Key Words: Death; Death fact; Brain death; Organ donation; Constructionpage: 90-99JOURNAL OF DIALECTICS OF NATURE
- Contact Us
- Address: No.19A Yuquan Road, Beijing, 100049, China
- Phone: +86-10-88256007
- Email:jdn@ucas.ac.cn
Follow Us© 2014 Copyright of the University of Chinese Academy of Sciences© 2014 Copyright of the University of Chinese Academy of Sciences
