Abstract: M. Cantor was a renowned 19th-century German historian of mathematics and a founding figure of the discipline. He established the first academic chair in the history of mathematics at Heidelberg University, where he served as its inaugural dedicated professor. His magnum opus, the four-volume Vorlesungen über Geschichte der Mathematik, completed over a 28-year period, integrated methodologies from chronological, intellectual, and social history. Adopting an anti-Whiggish perspective, the work systematically traces the entirety of mathematical history from prehistoric times to 1799 through philosophical and cultural lenses.The publication of Vorlesungen über Geschichte der Mathematik not only served as a foundational work in the history of mathematics but, more significantly, M. Cantor infused new vitality into the field in Germany, fostered international academic exchanges in the field, and established a fundamental framework for global research in the history of mathematics.

Key Words: M. Cantor; Vorlesungen über Geschichte der Mathematik; History of mathematics; Historiography

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