JOURNAL OF DIALECTICS OF NATURE
A Comprehensive, Academic Journal of the Philosophy, History, Sociology and Cultural Studies of Science and Technology
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Human-Machine Coupling: A Solution to the Problem of Trust in Medical Artificial Intelligence Abstract: Trust plays a crucial role in clinical medical practice. However, artificial intelligence (AI) used for medical diagnosis faces the challenge of establishing trust in clinical applications due to the lack of sufficient transparency in its algorithms. This challenge can be further divided into two aspects: the “doctor-machine” trust and the “patient-machine” trust. Compared to approaches such as “breaking the black box” and viewing AI as a “second opinion”, the “human-machine coupling” approach better characterizes the relationship between AI and humans. According to this approach, an ideal AI for medical diagnosis should become part of the doctor’s cognitive process, forming a tightly coupled cognitive system with the doctor. This makes the system, rather than the machine itself, the entity that needs to be trusted. This approach provides a possible solution to the problem of trust in medical AI. Key Words: Medical artificial intelligence; Black box algorithms; Human-machine trust; Human-machine couplingpage: 1-9Potential Ethical Risks and Solutions in Intelligent Psychotherapy Abstract: IIntelligent psychotherapy is an intelligent system that relies on the chatbot mode to independently carry out psychological diagnosis and treatment. It has the advantages of convenience, high efficiency, low price and high availability. At the same time, because of the particularity of its target users, it has a magnifying effect on technical dilemmas such as privacy protection, data security, data bias, and machine illusion. In addition, excessive reliance on such systems may undermine users’ self-efficacy, the rigidity of structural models limits their ability to provide genuinely personalized treatment, and emotional deception and legal risks arise from unclear agency. These further hinder the achievement of psychotherapeutic goals. Therefore, it is imperative to build a multi-agent co-governance risk prevention path at the three levels of technology research and development, usage, and supervision. First, optimize the functions and application modes of intelligent psychotherapy to improve the quality of diagnosis and treatment; second, enhance the user’s mental health care and digital literacy inventory to ensure the effectiveness of technology; third, improve the access and supervision process and establish the supervision mechanism of the intelligent system. Key Words: Intelligent psychotherapy; Chatbots; Human-computer interaction; Ethical riskspage: 10-18Ethical Challenges and Governance Strategies for Using Conversational Agents in Depression Diagnosis and Treatment Abstract: The diagnosis and treatment of depression currently face significant challenges, with a serious imbalance between the demand and supply of mental health services. Artificial intelligence-based conversational agents offer a promising solution to this issue. However, the development of this technology also brings certain limitations, raising concerns about the potential negative impacts on users’ health. This paper explores the five key ethical challenges faced by conversational agents in the diagnosis and treatment of depression: accuracy, data security and privacy, inherent biases, emotional divide, and patient dependency. It also proposes governance strategies from the perspectives of review and evaluation, data ethics, role positioning, human-machine interaction, and regulation and trust, aiming to ensure that conversational agents improve patient health while effectively mitigating potential risks and promoting their safe and ethical application. Key Words: Conversational agent; Artificial intelligence; Mental health; Depression; Ethicspage: 19-29An Analysis of Humeanism and Dispositionalism on Laws of Nature Abstract: Laws of nature occupy a central role in scientific practice and have raised profound philosophical questions. Currently, there are two major competing theories of laws of nature in philosophy of science: Humeanism and dispositionalism. According to Humeanism, laws merely supervene on the distribution of mosaic in spacetime, whereas dispositionalism claims that laws reveal the dispositional properties of things. This paper expounds the key perspectives of both positions and their applications in classical mechanics and quantum mechanics. To gain a deeper understanding of the differences between the two, we introduce the concept of grounding and demonstrate through specific examples its unique value in addressing philosophical issues related to laws of nature. Key Words: Laws of nature; Humeanism; Dispositionalism; Groundingpage: 30-37JOURNAL OF DIALECTICS OF NATURE
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